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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha : |
12/11/2015 |
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Actualizado : |
09/10/2019 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Autor : |
BESIL, N.; PÉREZ-PARADA, A.; CESIO, V.; VARELA, P.; RIVAS, F.; HEINZEN, H. |
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Afiliación : |
NATALIA BESIL, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Centro Universitario Regional Noroeste, Salto (CENUR); Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Química; ANDRÉS PÉREZ-PARADA, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Química; VERÓNICA CESIO, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Química; PABLO NICOLAS VARELA PESSOLANO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; CARLOS FERNANDO RIVAS GRELA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; HORACIO HEINZEN, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Centro Universitario Regional Noroeste, Salto (CENUR); Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Química. |
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Título : |
Degradation of imazalil, orthophenylphenol and pyrimethanil in Clementine mandarins under conventional postharvest industrial conditions at 4 °C. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2015 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Food Chemistry, 2016, v.194, p. 1132-1137. |
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ISSN : |
0308-8146 |
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DOI : |
10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.111 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received 16 April 2015 / Received in revised form 25 August 2015 / Accepted 25 August 2015 / Available online 29 August 2015.
Chemical compounds studied in this article: Imazalil (PubChem CID: 37175) / Orthophenylphenol (PubChem CID: 7017) / Pyrimethanil (PubChem CID: 91650). |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
The degradation of the postharvest fungicides imazalil, orthophenylphenol, and pyrimethanil was studied on Clementine mandarins during packinghouse storage for a 28 day period at 4 C. Fruits to which orthophenylphenol was applied, were treated with imazalil and pyrimethanil at doses of 1000 and 2000 mg L1, using cascade application for the later and cascade and wax for the former. The decay of the three fungicides was evaluated using an in-house validated analytical procedure that includes the extraction and dispersive clean up of the samples followed by the GC?MS determination of the pesticide residues. The impact of fruit storage time on pesticide residues concentration was assessed. The residues
found for the different application technologies were always below the established Maximum Residue Limits by the Codex Alimentarius and the European Union (5 mg kg1 for imazalil, 7 and 8 mg kg1 for pyrimethanil, and 10 mg kg1 and 5 mg kg1 for orthophenylphenol). The fungicides dissipated differentially.
Pyrimethanil showed little degradation, if any, at both tested concentrations, but the half-life of imazalil on the fruit was 15?18 days, independent of the application technology. Orthophenylphenol dissipated with a half-life of 15 days. The initial imazalil residue found after cascade treatment was not significantly different between the doses studied (p < 0.5), whereas when the fungicide was included in wax as an emulsifiable concentrate the initial and final imazalil residues were significantly different.
Final residue levels after 28 days of storage were 0.12?0.24 mg kg1 for imazalil, 0.68 mg kg1 for 2-phenylphenol and 0.56 mg kg1 for pyrimethanil for all the evaluated treatments.
2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. MenosABSTRACT.
The degradation of the postharvest fungicides imazalil, orthophenylphenol, and pyrimethanil was studied on Clementine mandarins during packinghouse storage for a 28 day period at 4 C. Fruits to which orthophenylphenol was applied, were treated with imazalil and pyrimethanil at doses of 1000 and 2000 mg L1, using cascade application for the later and cascade and wax for the former. The decay of the three fungicides was evaluated using an in-house validated analytical procedure that includes the extraction and dispersive clean up of the samples followed by the GC?MS determination of the pesticide residues. The impact of fruit storage time on pesticide residues concentration was assessed. The residues
found for the different application technologies were always below the established Maximum Residue Limits by the Codex Alimentarius and the European Union (5 mg kg1 for imazalil, 7 and 8 mg kg1 for pyrimethanil, and 10 mg kg1 and 5 mg kg1 for orthophenylphenol). The fungicides dissipated differentially.
Pyrimethanil showed little degradation, if any, at both tested concentrations, but the half-life of imazalil on the fruit was 15?18 days, independent of the application technology. Orthophenylphenol dissipated with a half-life of 15 days. The initial imazalil residue found after cascade treatment was not significantly different between the doses studied (p < 0.5), whereas when the fungicide was included in wax as an emulsifiable concentrate the initial and final imazali... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
Degradation; Postharvest fungicides. |
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Thesagro : |
CITRUS; FUNGICIDAS; TECNICA POSTCOSECHA. |
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Asunto categoría : |
H20 Enfermedades de las plantas |
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Marc : |
LEADER 02850naa a2200277 a 4500
001 1053857
005 2019-10-09
008 2015 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $a0308-8146
024 7 $a10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.111$2DOI
100 1 $aBESIL, N.
245 $aDegradation of imazalil, orthophenylphenol and pyrimethanil in Clementine mandarins under conventional postharvest industrial conditions at 4 °C.
260 $c2015
500 $aArticle history: Received 16 April 2015 / Received in revised form 25 August 2015 / Accepted 25 August 2015 / Available online 29 August 2015. Chemical compounds studied in this article: Imazalil (PubChem CID: 37175) / Orthophenylphenol (PubChem CID: 7017) / Pyrimethanil (PubChem CID: 91650).
520 $aABSTRACT. The degradation of the postharvest fungicides imazalil, orthophenylphenol, and pyrimethanil was studied on Clementine mandarins during packinghouse storage for a 28 day period at 4 C. Fruits to which orthophenylphenol was applied, were treated with imazalil and pyrimethanil at doses of 1000 and 2000 mg L1, using cascade application for the later and cascade and wax for the former. The decay of the three fungicides was evaluated using an in-house validated analytical procedure that includes the extraction and dispersive clean up of the samples followed by the GC?MS determination of the pesticide residues. The impact of fruit storage time on pesticide residues concentration was assessed. The residues found for the different application technologies were always below the established Maximum Residue Limits by the Codex Alimentarius and the European Union (5 mg kg1 for imazalil, 7 and 8 mg kg1 for pyrimethanil, and 10 mg kg1 and 5 mg kg1 for orthophenylphenol). The fungicides dissipated differentially. Pyrimethanil showed little degradation, if any, at both tested concentrations, but the half-life of imazalil on the fruit was 15?18 days, independent of the application technology. Orthophenylphenol dissipated with a half-life of 15 days. The initial imazalil residue found after cascade treatment was not significantly different between the doses studied (p < 0.5), whereas when the fungicide was included in wax as an emulsifiable concentrate the initial and final imazalil residues were significantly different. Final residue levels after 28 days of storage were 0.12?0.24 mg kg1 for imazalil, 0.68 mg kg1 for 2-phenylphenol and 0.56 mg kg1 for pyrimethanil for all the evaluated treatments. 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
650 $aCITRUS
650 $aFUNGICIDAS
650 $aTECNICA POSTCOSECHA
653 $aDegradation
653 $aPostharvest fungicides
700 1 $aPÉREZ-PARADA, A.
700 1 $aCESIO, V.
700 1 $aVARELA, P.
700 1 $aRIVAS, F.
700 1 $aHEINZEN, H.
773 $tFood Chemistry, 2016$gv.194, p. 1132-1137.
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha actual : |
25/06/2021 |
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Actualizado : |
06/09/2022 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Nacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
Nacional - -- |
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Autor : |
BASILE, P.; FORMOSO, D.; BLUMETTO, O. |
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Afiliación : |
PATRICIA CECILIA BASILE LORENZO, Universidad de la República, CENUR Noreste, Sede Tacuarembó, Tacuarembó, Uruguay.; DANIEL FORMOSO CUNHA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; OSCAR RICARDO BLUMETTO VELAZCO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay. |
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Título : |
Floristic composition and above-ground net primary production innatural grasslands on basaltic deep soils. [Composición florística y productividad primaria neta aérea de campos naturales sobre suelos profundos de basalto.]. [Composição florística e produtividade primária aérea liquida de campos naturais sobre solos de Basalto profundo.] |
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Complemento del título : |
Sectiion: Animal production and pastures. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2021 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Agrociencia Uruguay, 2021, vol. 25, n.2, article e417. Doi: https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.25.417 |
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ISSN : |
e-ISSN: 2730-5066 |
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DOI : |
10.31285/AGRO.25.417 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received 29 Sep 2020; Accepted 22 Feb 2021; Published 17May 2021.
Editor: Pablo Boggiano, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, Uruguay.
Correspondence: Patricia Basile, mail: patricia.basile@cut.edu.uy |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT - In natural grasslands of the basaltic region, livestock management is applied traditionally associated with con-tinuous high stocking density resulting in the degradation of natural grasslands. Traditionally, aboveground net primary production (ANPP) was estimated from biomass cuts made in the fields. Today, it is possible to estimate ANPP using remote sensing techniques by synthetic images of enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Considering these, we aimed this study to: a) determine the effect of contrasting grazing managements on floristic composi-tion, b) estimate the radiation use efficiency coefficient (RUE) and its seasonal variation, and c) determine the ANPP for two contrasting grazing methods. The experiment was carried out in five farms in the basaltic region of Uruguay with mixed grazing under natural grasslands from spring 2013 to summer 2015. Paddocks with contrasting livestock management were chosen in each site. Vegetation growth was measured using the re-growth technique with three exclusion cages. Floristic composition was estimated using the Braun Blanquet scale. RUE coefficient was estimated following the equation: ANPP = APAR×RUE, where APAR is the absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. Changes in the floristic composition, ANPP, and RUE coefficient were rec-orded throughout the study in the two treatments. The RUE data obtained will be used to estimate ANPP in natural grasslands more accurately.
.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.
RESUMEN - En la actualidad, los campos naturales de la región basáltica de Uruguay se encuentran deteriorados dado que históricamente se ha utilizado un manejo de carga continua sin ajuste a la productividad primaria neta aérea (PPNA) de la comunidad vegetal. Actualmente es posible estimar la PPNA mediante sensores remotos utili-zando imágenes sintéticas del índice de vegetación mejorado (EVI). Los objetivos del trabajo fueron determinar el efecto de la disminución de la intensidad de pastoreo en la composición florística, la PPNA y el coeficiente de eficiencia de uso de la radiación (EUR) de la comunidad vegetal de suelos profundos de basalto y determinar la variabilidad estacional del EUR. El trabajo se realizó entre la primavera de 2013 y el verano de 2015 en cinco establecimientos ganaderos de la región basáltica de Uruguay, en los cuales se eligieron dos potreros con manejo ganadero contrastante. Se midió el crecimiento de la vegetación mediante la técnica del rebrote utili-zando jaulas de exclusión. La composición florística se estimó mediante la escala Braun-Blanquet. El EUR se estimó a partir de la radiación absoluta absorbida por la planta (RFAA) y la PPNA siguiendo la ecuación: EUR=PPNA/ (RFAA×10). Se registraron cambios en la composición florística, la PPNA y el EUR a lo largo del estudio en los dos tratamientos. Los datos de EUR obtenidos servirán para poder estimar con mayor precisión la PPNA en campos naturales.
.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.
RESUMO - Os campos naturais da região de basalto do Uruguai estão atualmente deteriorados, uma vez que o gerencia-mento de carga historicamente contínuo tem sido usado sem ajuste à Produtividade Primária Líquida (PPNA) da comunidade de plantas. Atualmente, é possível estimar o PPNA por sensoriamento remoto utilizando ima-gens sintéticas do índice de vegetação aprimorado (EVI). Os objetivos do trabalho foram determinar o efeito da diminuição da intensidade de pastejo sobre a composição florística, o PPNA e o coeficiente de eficiência no uso de radiação (EUR) da comunidade vegetal presente em solos basálticos profundos e determinar a variabi-lidade sazonal do EUR. O trabalho foi realizado entre a primavera de 2013 e o verão de 2015 em cinco fazendas de gado na região basáltica do Uruguai, nas quais foram escolhidas duas áreas de pastagem com manejo pecuário contrastante. O crescimento da vegetação foi medido pela técnica de rebrota em gaiolas de exclusão. A composição florística foi estimada pela escala de Braun-Blanquet. EUR foi estimado a partir da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa absorvida pela planta (PGRFA) e o (PPNA) seguindo a equação: EUR = PPNA / (PGRFA x 10). Mudanças na composição florística, PPNA e EUR foram registradas ao longo do estudo em ambos tratamentos. Os dados EUR obtidos poderiam ser utilizados para estimar com uma maior precisão o PPNA em campos naturais. MenosABSTRACT - In natural grasslands of the basaltic region, livestock management is applied traditionally associated with con-tinuous high stocking density resulting in the degradation of natural grasslands. Traditionally, aboveground net primary production (ANPP) was estimated from biomass cuts made in the fields. Today, it is possible to estimate ANPP using remote sensing techniques by synthetic images of enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Considering these, we aimed this study to: a) determine the effect of contrasting grazing managements on floristic composi-tion, b) estimate the radiation use efficiency coefficient (RUE) and its seasonal variation, and c) determine the ANPP for two contrasting grazing methods. The experiment was carried out in five farms in the basaltic region of Uruguay with mixed grazing under natural grasslands from spring 2013 to summer 2015. Paddocks with contrasting livestock management were chosen in each site. Vegetation growth was measured using the re-growth technique with three exclusion cages. Floristic composition was estimated using the Braun Blanquet scale. RUE coefficient was estimated following the equation: ANPP = APAR×RUE, where APAR is the absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. Changes in the floristic composition, ANPP, and RUE coefficient were rec-orded throughout the study in the two treatments. The RUE data obtained will be used to estimate ANPP in natural grassland... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
Degradação; Degradación; Degradation; EUR; Gestão pecuária; Grazing management; Manejo ganadero; RUE. |
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Thesagro : |
CAMPO NATURAL. |
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Asunto categoría : |
L02 Alimentación animal |
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URL : |
http://www.ainfo.inia.uy/digital/bitstream/item/16734/1/Agrociencia-UY-2021-25-N2-417.pdf
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Marc : |
LEADER 05920naa a2200289 a 4500
001 1062161
005 2022-09-06
008 2021 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $ae-ISSN: 2730-5066
024 7 $a10.31285/AGRO.25.417$2DOI
100 1 $aBASILE, P.
245 $aFloristic composition and above-ground net primary production innatural grasslands on basaltic deep soils. [Composición florística y productividad primaria neta aérea de campos naturales sobre suelos profundos de basalto.]. [Composição florística e produtividade primária aérea liquida de campos naturais sobre solos de Basalto profundo.]$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2021
500 $aArticle history: Received 29 Sep 2020; Accepted 22 Feb 2021; Published 17May 2021. Editor: Pablo Boggiano, Universidad de la República, Paysandú, Uruguay. Correspondence: Patricia Basile, mail: patricia.basile@cut.edu.uy
520 $aABSTRACT - In natural grasslands of the basaltic region, livestock management is applied traditionally associated with con-tinuous high stocking density resulting in the degradation of natural grasslands. Traditionally, aboveground net primary production (ANPP) was estimated from biomass cuts made in the fields. Today, it is possible to estimate ANPP using remote sensing techniques by synthetic images of enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Considering these, we aimed this study to: a) determine the effect of contrasting grazing managements on floristic composi-tion, b) estimate the radiation use efficiency coefficient (RUE) and its seasonal variation, and c) determine the ANPP for two contrasting grazing methods. The experiment was carried out in five farms in the basaltic region of Uruguay with mixed grazing under natural grasslands from spring 2013 to summer 2015. Paddocks with contrasting livestock management were chosen in each site. Vegetation growth was measured using the re-growth technique with three exclusion cages. Floristic composition was estimated using the Braun Blanquet scale. RUE coefficient was estimated following the equation: ANPP = APAR×RUE, where APAR is the absorbed photosynthetically active radiation. Changes in the floristic composition, ANPP, and RUE coefficient were rec-orded throughout the study in the two treatments. The RUE data obtained will be used to estimate ANPP in natural grasslands more accurately. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. RESUMEN - En la actualidad, los campos naturales de la región basáltica de Uruguay se encuentran deteriorados dado que históricamente se ha utilizado un manejo de carga continua sin ajuste a la productividad primaria neta aérea (PPNA) de la comunidad vegetal. Actualmente es posible estimar la PPNA mediante sensores remotos utili-zando imágenes sintéticas del índice de vegetación mejorado (EVI). Los objetivos del trabajo fueron determinar el efecto de la disminución de la intensidad de pastoreo en la composición florística, la PPNA y el coeficiente de eficiencia de uso de la radiación (EUR) de la comunidad vegetal de suelos profundos de basalto y determinar la variabilidad estacional del EUR. El trabajo se realizó entre la primavera de 2013 y el verano de 2015 en cinco establecimientos ganaderos de la región basáltica de Uruguay, en los cuales se eligieron dos potreros con manejo ganadero contrastante. Se midió el crecimiento de la vegetación mediante la técnica del rebrote utili-zando jaulas de exclusión. La composición florística se estimó mediante la escala Braun-Blanquet. El EUR se estimó a partir de la radiación absoluta absorbida por la planta (RFAA) y la PPNA siguiendo la ecuación: EUR=PPNA/ (RFAA×10). Se registraron cambios en la composición florística, la PPNA y el EUR a lo largo del estudio en los dos tratamientos. Los datos de EUR obtenidos servirán para poder estimar con mayor precisión la PPNA en campos naturales. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. RESUMO - Os campos naturais da região de basalto do Uruguai estão atualmente deteriorados, uma vez que o gerencia-mento de carga historicamente contínuo tem sido usado sem ajuste à Produtividade Primária Líquida (PPNA) da comunidade de plantas. Atualmente, é possível estimar o PPNA por sensoriamento remoto utilizando ima-gens sintéticas do índice de vegetação aprimorado (EVI). Os objetivos do trabalho foram determinar o efeito da diminuição da intensidade de pastejo sobre a composição florística, o PPNA e o coeficiente de eficiência no uso de radiação (EUR) da comunidade vegetal presente em solos basálticos profundos e determinar a variabi-lidade sazonal do EUR. O trabalho foi realizado entre a primavera de 2013 e o verão de 2015 em cinco fazendas de gado na região basáltica do Uruguai, nas quais foram escolhidas duas áreas de pastagem com manejo pecuário contrastante. O crescimento da vegetação foi medido pela técnica de rebrota em gaiolas de exclusão. A composição florística foi estimada pela escala de Braun-Blanquet. EUR foi estimado a partir da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa absorvida pela planta (PGRFA) e o (PPNA) seguindo a equação: EUR = PPNA / (PGRFA x 10). Mudanças na composição florística, PPNA e EUR foram registradas ao longo do estudo em ambos tratamentos. Os dados EUR obtidos poderiam ser utilizados para estimar com uma maior precisão o PPNA em campos naturais.
650 $aCAMPO NATURAL
653 $aDegradação
653 $aDegradación
653 $aDegradation
653 $aEUR
653 $aGestão pecuária
653 $aGrazing management
653 $aManejo ganadero
653 $aRUE
700 1 $aFORMOSO, D.
700 1 $aBLUMETTO, O.
773 $tAgrociencia Uruguay, 2021, vol. 25$gn.2, article e417. Doi: https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.25.417
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